routing

gpx-rs/engine/src/core/algorithm/anchors.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+use std::f64::consts::PI;
+
+use crate::{
+    TrackSegment, TrackSegmentIndex, core::utils::crossarc_lnglat, ramer_douglas_peucker_by,
+};
+
+/// Highest zoom level of the map at which an anchor can appear.
+pub const MAX_ANCHOR_ZOOM: u8 = 22;
+
+/// Details smaller than this (in meters) do not get an anchor.
+const ANCHOR_EPSILON: f64 = 1.0;
+
+const EARTH_RADIUS_METERS: f64 = 6371008.8;
+
+/// Lowest map zoom level at which an anchor selected at `distance` meters from the line of its
+/// neighbours is worth showing: the smaller the detail, the higher the zoom. The ends of a
+/// segment (no distance) are always shown.
+pub fn anchor_zoom(lat: f64, distance: Option<f64>) -> u8 {
+    let Some(distance) = distance else {
+        return 0;
+    };
+    let width = EARTH_RADIUS_METERS * (lat * PI / 180.0).cos() / distance;
+    width.log2().round().clamp(0.0, MAX_ANCHOR_ZOOM as f64) as u8
+}
+
+/// The anchors of a segment, as `(index, zoom)` sorted by index: the trackpoints kept by the
+/// Ramer-Douglas-Peucker simplification of its path, the ones for smaller details being shown at
+/// higher zoom levels only.
+pub fn compute_anchors(trkseg: &TrackSegment) -> Vec<(usize, u8)> {
+    let measure = |start: TrackSegmentIndex, end: TrackSegmentIndex, idx: TrackSegmentIndex| {
+        crossarc_lnglat(
+            trkseg[start].coordinates,
+            trkseg[end].coordinates,
+            trkseg[idx].coordinates,
+        )
+    };
+    ramer_douglas_peucker_by(trkseg, &measure, ANCHOR_EPSILON)
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|(idx, distance)| (idx.flat, anchor_zoom(trkseg[idx].coordinates.lat, distance)))
+        .collect()
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::{LngLat, Trackpoint, TrackpointChunk};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn segment(points: &[(f64, f64)]) -> TrackSegment {
+        let mut trkseg = TrackSegment::default();
+        let mut chunk = TrackpointChunk::default();
+        for (lng, lat) in points {
+            chunk.trkpt.push(Trackpoint {
+                coordinates: LngLat {
+                    lng: *lng,
+                    lat: *lat,
+                },
+                ..Default::default()
+            });
+        }
+        trkseg.push(chunk);
+        trkseg
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_zoom_depends_on_the_size_of_the_detail() {
+        assert_eq!(anchor_zoom(45.0, None), 0);
+        // 2^13 meters is close to the radius of the earth divided by 1 km
+        assert_eq!(anchor_zoom(0.0, Some(1_000.0)), 13);
+        assert!(anchor_zoom(0.0, Some(10.0)) > anchor_zoom(0.0, Some(1_000.0)));
+        assert_eq!(anchor_zoom(0.0, Some(1e-9)), MAX_ANCHOR_ZOOM);
+        assert_eq!(anchor_zoom(0.0, Some(1e9)), 0);
+        // the poles do not give NaN or a panic
+        assert_eq!(anchor_zoom(90.0, Some(10.0)), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_anchors_of_a_straight_line_are_its_ends() {
+        let line: Vec<_> = (0..10).map(|i| (i as f64 * 0.001, 0.0)).collect();
+        assert_eq!(compute_anchors(&segment(&line)), vec![(0, 0), (9, 0)]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_anchors_keep_the_corners() {
+        // a big corner and a small bump
+        let points = [
+            (0.0, 0.0),
+            (0.01, 0.0),
+            (0.02, 0.0),
+            (0.02, 0.01),
+            (0.02, 0.02),
+            (0.02, 0.020005),
+            (0.02, 0.03),
+        ];
+        let anchors = compute_anchors(&segment(&points));
+        let indices: Vec<_> = anchors.iter().map(|(i, _)| *i).collect();
+        assert_eq!(indices, vec![0, 2, 6]);
+        assert_eq!(anchors[0].1, 0);
+        assert_eq!(anchors[2].1, 0);
+        assert!(anchors[1].1 > 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_anchors_of_short_segments() {
+        assert!(compute_anchors(&segment(&[])).is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(compute_anchors(&segment(&[(1.0, 2.0)])), vec![(0, 0)]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            compute_anchors(&segment(&[(1.0, 2.0), (1.0, 2.1)])),
+            vec![(0, 0), (1, 0)]
+        );
+    }
+}

gpx-rs/engine/src/core/algorithm/mod.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
+mod anchors;
 mod simplify;
 mod smooth;
+mod timestamps;
 
+pub use anchors::*;
 pub use simplify::*;
+pub use timestamps::*;

gpx-rs/engine/src/core/algorithm/simplify.rs

@@ -10,47 +10,67 @@ pub fn ramer_douglas_peucker<F>(
 ) -> Vec<TrackSegmentIndex>
 where
     F: Fn(TrackSegmentIndex) -> (f64, f64),
+{
+    let measure = |start, end, idx| {
+        let (start, end, pt) = (mapping(start), mapping(end), mapping(idx));
+        crossarc(start.0, start.1, end.0, end.1, pt.0, pt.1)
+    };
+    ramer_douglas_peucker_by(trkseg, &measure, epsilon)
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|(idx, _)| idx)
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// Ramer-Douglas-Peucker with any distance from a point (the last argument) to the line made of
+/// two others (the first ones). Gives the kept points, with the distance at which each of them
+/// was selected (`None` for the ends of the segment, which are always kept).
+pub fn ramer_douglas_peucker_by<M>(
+    trkseg: &TrackSegment,
+    measure: &M,
+    epsilon: f64,
+) -> Vec<(TrackSegmentIndex, Option<f64>)>
+where
+    M: Fn(TrackSegmentIndex, TrackSegmentIndex, TrackSegmentIndex) -> f64,
 {
     match trkseg.len() {
         0 => vec![],
-        1 => vec![trkseg.first_index().unwrap()],
-        2 => vec![trkseg.first_index().unwrap(), trkseg.last_index().unwrap()],
+        1 => vec![(trkseg.first_index().unwrap(), None)],
+        2 => vec![
+            (trkseg.first_index().unwrap(), None),
+            (trkseg.last_index().unwrap(), None),
+        ],
         _ => {
             let first = trkseg.first_index().unwrap();
             let last = trkseg.last_index().unwrap();
 
-            let mut indices = vec![first];
-            ramer_douglas_peucker_helper(trkseg, first, last, mapping, epsilon, &mut indices);
-            indices.push(last);
-            indices
+            let mut kept = vec![(first, None)];
+            ramer_douglas_peucker_helper(trkseg, first, last, measure, epsilon, &mut kept);
+            kept.push((last, None));
+            kept
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn ramer_douglas_peucker_helper<F>(
+fn ramer_douglas_peucker_helper<M>(
     trkseg: &TrackSegment,
     start: TrackSegmentIndex,
     end: TrackSegmentIndex,
-    mapping: &F,
+    measure: &M,
     epsilon: f64,
-    indices: &mut Vec<TrackSegmentIndex>,
+    kept: &mut Vec<(TrackSegmentIndex, Option<f64>)>,
 ) where
-    F: Fn(TrackSegmentIndex) -> (f64, f64),
+    M: Fn(TrackSegmentIndex, TrackSegmentIndex, TrackSegmentIndex) -> f64,
 {
     let mut max_idx = None;
     let mut max_dist = 0.0;
 
-    let start_pt = mapping(start);
-    let end_pt = mapping(end);
-
     let mut cur = trkseg.next_index(Some(start));
     while let Some(idx) = cur {
         if idx == end {
             break;
         }
 
-        let pt = mapping(idx);
-        let dist = crossarc(start_pt.0, start_pt.1, end_pt.0, end_pt.1, pt.0, pt.1);
+        let dist = measure(start, end, idx);
         if dist > max_dist {
             max_idx = Some(idx);
             max_dist = dist;
@@ -60,9 +80,9 @@ fn ramer_douglas_peucker_helper<F>(
     }
 
     if let Some(idx) = max_idx.filter(|_| max_dist > epsilon) {
-        ramer_douglas_peucker_helper(trkseg, start, idx, mapping, epsilon, indices);
-        indices.push(idx);
-        ramer_douglas_peucker_helper(trkseg, idx, end, mapping, epsilon, indices);
+        ramer_douglas_peucker_helper(trkseg, start, idx, measure, epsilon, kept);
+        kept.push((idx, Some(max_dist)));
+        ramer_douglas_peucker_helper(trkseg, idx, end, measure, epsilon, kept);
     }
 }
 

gpx-rs/engine/src/core/algorithm/timestamps.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+use crate::{Trackpoint, distance};
+
+/// Replaces the trackpoints `start..end` of `trkpt` by `points`, keeping the timestamps of the
+/// whole path consistent. It is the work of the old `replaceTrackPoints` of the TS library.
+///
+/// The timestamps only matter if the path has some, or if `speed` (in km/h) is given: then the
+/// new points that have none get some (a trackpoint after the previous one at `speed`, or one
+/// second after it without a speed), and so do the points before or after the range if they
+/// had none. `start_time` is the time of the first trackpoint when nothing else gives it.
+/// New points that have timestamps are shifted if they are too early to follow the previous
+/// trackpoint, and so are the points after the range. With `remove_gaps`, the new points are
+/// also brought closer to the previous trackpoint if they come long after it.
+///
+/// Panics if `start..end` is not inside `trkpt`.
+pub fn replace_trackpoints(
+    trkpt: &mut Vec<Trackpoint>,
+    start: usize,
+    end: usize,
+    mut points: Vec<Trackpoint>,
+    speed: Option<f64>,
+    start_time: Option<i64>,
+    remove_gaps: bool,
+) {
+    assert!(start <= end && end <= trkpt.len());
+    let has_times = trkpt.first().is_some_and(|first| first.time.is_some());
+
+    if speed.is_some() || has_times {
+        if start > 0 && trkpt[0].time.is_none() {
+            // the points before the range have no timestamps
+            let before: Vec<_> = trkpt.drain(..start).collect();
+            trkpt.splice(0..0, with_timestamps(before, speed, None, start_time));
+        }
+
+        if !points.is_empty() {
+            let last = start.checked_sub(1).map(|i| &trkpt[i]);
+            let missing =
+                points[0].time.is_none() || points.get(1).is_some_and(|p| p.time.is_none());
+            if missing {
+                points = with_timestamps(points, speed, last, start_time);
+            } else if let Some(last) = last {
+                if is_before(points[0].time, last.time) {
+                    // too early
+                    points = shifted_and_compressed(points, speed, 1.0, last);
+                } else if remove_gaps {
+                    if same_place(&points[0], last) {
+                        // the same place: the new points start at the previous trackpoint, which
+                        // is the new first one
+                        if is_before(last.time, points[0].time) {
+                            points = shifted_and_compressed(points, speed, 1.0, last);
+                            points.remove(0);
+                        }
+                    } else if matches!((points[0].time, last.time), (Some(new), Some(old)) if new - old > 1000)
+                    {
+                        // another place: the new points start one second after the previous one
+                        let mut artificial_last = points[0].clone();
+                        artificial_last.time = last.time.map(|time| time + 1000);
+                        points = shifted_and_compressed(points, speed, 1.0, &artificial_last);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if end < trkpt.len() {
+            // the points after the range
+            let last = points
+                .last()
+                .or_else(|| start.checked_sub(1).map(|i| &trkpt[i]))
+                .cloned();
+            if trkpt[end].time.is_none() {
+                let after: Vec<_> = trkpt.drain(end..).collect();
+                let after = with_timestamps(after, speed, last.as_ref(), start_time);
+                trkpt.extend(after);
+            } else if let Some(last) = last
+                && is_before(trkpt[end].time, last.time)
+            {
+                let after: Vec<_> = trkpt.drain(end..).collect();
+                trkpt.extend(shifted_and_compressed(after, speed, 1.0, &last));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    trkpt.splice(start..end, points);
+}
+
+fn same_place(a: &Trackpoint, b: &Trackpoint) -> bool {
+    a.coordinates.lng == b.coordinates.lng && a.coordinates.lat == b.coordinates.lat
+}
+
+/// Whether both times are known and `a` is before `b`.
+fn is_before(a: Option<i64>, b: Option<i64>) -> bool {
+    matches!((a, b), (Some(a), Some(b)) if a < b)
+}
+
+/// The time at which `b` is reached after `a`, at `speed` km/h: one second later without a
+/// speed, unknown if `a` has no time.
+///
+/// The old code gave an invalid date for a null or negative speed: it is as if there was none.
+fn timestamp_after(a: &Trackpoint, b: &Trackpoint, speed: Option<f64>) -> Option<i64> {
+    let time = a.time?;
+    match speed.filter(|speed| speed.is_finite() && *speed > 0.0) {
+        None => Some(time + 1000),
+        Some(speed) => {
+            let km = distance(a.coordinates, b.coordinates);
+            Some(time + (3_600_000.0 * km / speed) as i64)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// `points` with the timestamps that follow `last` (the trackpoint before them), one after the
+/// other. Without `last`, the first one is at `start_time`.
+///
+/// Unlike the old code, a `last` without a time does not get `start_time` itself, only the copy
+/// used here.
+fn with_timestamps(
+    points: Vec<Trackpoint>,
+    speed: Option<f64>,
+    last: Option<&Trackpoint>,
+    start_time: Option<i64>,
+) -> Vec<Trackpoint> {
+    let Some(first) = points.first() else {
+        return points;
+    };
+    let mut last = match last {
+        Some(last) if last.time.is_some() => last.clone(),
+        other => {
+            let mut last = other.unwrap_or(first).clone();
+            last.time = start_time;
+            last
+        }
+    };
+    points
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|mut point| {
+            point.time = timestamp_after(&last, &point, speed);
+            last = point.clone();
+            point
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// `points` with their timestamps moved so that the first one follows `last`, and their durations
+/// multiplied by `ratio`. The ones that have no timestamp follow the previous one, as in
+/// [`with_timestamps`]. Without a time for `last`, or for the first point, none is known.
+fn shifted_and_compressed(
+    points: Vec<Trackpoint>,
+    speed: Option<f64>,
+    ratio: f64,
+    last: &Trackpoint,
+) -> Vec<Trackpoint> {
+    let Some(first) = points.first() else {
+        return points;
+    };
+    let start = timestamp_after(last, first, speed);
+    let first_time = first.time;
+    let mut previous = first.clone();
+    points
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|point| {
+            let mut shifted = point.clone();
+            shifted.time = match point.time {
+                None => timestamp_after(&previous, &point, speed),
+                Some(time) => start
+                    .zip(first_time)
+                    .map(|(start, first)| start + (ratio * (time - first) as f64) as i64),
+            };
+            previous = shifted.clone();
+            shifted
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::LngLat;
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    /// A point every 1 km along the equator... about, at 0.009 degrees of longitude.
+    fn point(i: usize, time: Option<i64>) -> Trackpoint {
+        Trackpoint {
+            coordinates: LngLat {
+                lng: i as f64 * 0.009,
+                lat: 0.0,
+            },
+            time,
+            ..Default::default()
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn timed(range: std::ops::Range<usize>, start: i64, step: i64) -> Vec<Trackpoint> {
+        range
+            .map(|i| point(i, Some(start + step * i as i64)))
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    fn untimed(range: std::ops::Range<usize>) -> Vec<Trackpoint> {
+        range.map(|i| point(i, None)).collect()
+    }
+
+    fn times(trkpt: &[Trackpoint]) -> Vec<Option<i64>> {
+        trkpt.iter().map(|p| p.time).collect()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_without_times_nor_speed_it_is_a_splice() {
+        let mut trkpt = untimed(0..5);
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 1, 3, untimed(10..13), None, None, false);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt.len(), 6);
+        assert!(trkpt.iter().all(|p| p.time.is_none()));
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[1].coordinates.lng, point(10, None).coordinates.lng);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[4].coordinates.lng, point(3, None).coordinates.lng);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_new_points_follow_the_previous_one_at_the_speed() {
+        // 1 km in 10 s is 360 km/h
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..4, 0, 10_000);
+        let km = distance(point(0, None).coordinates, point(1, None).coordinates);
+        let speed = Some(36.0 * km / 0.01); // the time of 1 point to the next is 100 s
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 2, 3, untimed(2..4), speed, None, false);
+        let expected = 10_000 + (3_600_000.0 * km / speed.unwrap()) as i64;
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[2].time, Some(expected));
+        assert!(trkpt[2].time > trkpt[1].time);
+        // the points after follow the new ones, they were not too early
+        assert_eq!(trkpt.len(), 5);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[4].time, Some(30_000));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_without_a_speed_new_points_are_one_second_apart() {
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..3, 5_000, 60_000);
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 1, 2, untimed(10..13), None, None, false);
+        assert_eq!(
+            times(&trkpt[..4]),
+            [Some(5_000), Some(6_000), Some(7_000), Some(8_000)]
+        );
+        // what comes after was after, it is kept
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[4].time, Some(125_000));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_the_points_after_are_shifted_if_they_are_too_early() {
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..4, 0, 10_000);
+        // 30 new points, one second apart: the last one is at 30 s, but the next original
+        // trackpoint is at 20 s
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 1, 2, untimed(10..40), None, None, false);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt.len(), 33);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[1].time, Some(1_000));
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[30].time, Some(30_000));
+        // the following points keep the duration between them, after the new ones
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[31].time, Some(31_000));
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[32].time, Some(41_000));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_a_path_without_times_gets_them_from_the_speed_and_start_time() {
+        let mut trkpt = untimed(0..4);
+        replace_trackpoints(
+            &mut trkpt,
+            3,
+            4,
+            untimed(3..6),
+            Some(10.0),
+            Some(1_000),
+            false,
+        );
+        let times: Vec<_> = times(&trkpt);
+        assert_eq!(times[0], Some(1_000));
+        assert!(times.iter().all(Option::is_some));
+        assert!(times.windows(2).all(|w| w[0].unwrap() < w[1].unwrap()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_an_unusable_speed_is_as_if_there_was_none() {
+        for speed in [0.0, -5.0, f64::NAN, f64::INFINITY] {
+            let mut trkpt = timed(0..2, 0, 10_000);
+            replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 2, 2, untimed(2..4), Some(speed), None, false);
+            assert_eq!(
+                times(&trkpt),
+                [Some(0), Some(10_000), Some(11_000), Some(12_000)],
+                "{speed}"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_new_points_with_times_that_are_too_early_are_shifted() {
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..3, 100_000, 10_000);
+        // they are at 0, 5 s: they are moved to follow the trackpoint at 110 s
+        let new = vec![point(5, Some(0)), point(6, Some(5_000))];
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 2, 3, new, None, None, false);
+        // they follow the previous trackpoint after one second, keeping their own durations
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[2].time, Some(111_000));
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[3].time, Some(116_000));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_remove_gaps_at_the_same_place_and_elsewhere() {
+        // same place: the first new point is the previous trackpoint
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..3, 0, 10_000);
+        let new = vec![point(2, Some(500_000)), point(3, Some(510_000))];
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 3, 3, new.clone(), None, None, true);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt.len(), 4);
+        // without a speed, it is one second after the previous trackpoint, not at its time
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[3].time, Some(31_000));
+        // with a speed, the distance is zero
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..3, 0, 10_000);
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 3, 3, new, Some(10.0), None, true);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[3].time, Some(30_000));
+
+        // another place: one second after the previous one
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..3, 0, 10_000);
+        let new = vec![point(5, Some(500_000)), point(6, Some(510_000))];
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 3, 3, new, None, None, true);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt.len(), 5);
+        // the old code adds the second twice with no speed, see `timestamp_after`
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[3].time, Some(22_000));
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[4].time, Some(32_000));
+
+        // without removing the gaps they stay
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..3, 0, 10_000);
+        let new = vec![point(5, Some(500_000)), point(6, Some(510_000))];
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 3, 3, new, None, None, false);
+        assert_eq!(trkpt[3].time, Some(500_000));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_removing_points_adapts_nothing_if_the_next_one_is_after() {
+        let mut trkpt = timed(0..5, 0, 10_000);
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 1, 3, vec![], None, None, false);
+        assert_eq!(times(&trkpt), [Some(0), Some(30_000), Some(40_000)]);
+        // from the beginning
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 0, 2, vec![], None, None, false);
+        assert_eq!(times(&trkpt), [Some(40_000)]);
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 0, 1, vec![], None, None, false);
+        assert!(trkpt.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_points_without_a_known_previous_time_get_none() {
+        // nothing gives a time to start with
+        let mut trkpt = untimed(0..2);
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut trkpt, 2, 2, untimed(2..4), Some(10.0), None, false);
+        assert!(trkpt.iter().all(|p| p.time.is_none()));
+    }
+}

gpx-rs/engine/src/core/gpx/segment.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::{ops::Index, rc::Rc};
 
 use uuid::Uuid;
 
-use crate::{Trackpoint, TrackpointChunk};
+use crate::{Trackpoint, TrackpointChunk, compute_anchors};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct TrackSegmentId(pub Uuid);
@@ -86,6 +86,72 @@ impl TrackSegment {
             self.fill(&mut pending, points);
         }
         self.flush(&mut pending);
+        self.ensure_end_anchors();
+    }
+
+    /// The first and the last trackpoints are always anchors, shown at every zoom level.
+    ///
+    /// It is done by [`TrackSegment::splice`]; commands that build segments in another way need to
+    /// call it.
+    pub fn ensure_end_anchors(&mut self) {
+        let Some(last) = self.len().checked_sub(1) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        for index in [0, last] {
+            if self[index].anchor != Some(0) {
+                self.point_mut(index).anchor = Some(0);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Makes the trackpoint at `index` an anchor shown from the map zoom level `zoom`. Panics if
+    /// there is no such trackpoint.
+    pub fn set_anchor(&mut self, index: usize, zoom: u8) {
+        self.point_mut(index).anchor = Some(zoom);
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the anchors of the trackpoints from the details of the path of the segment (see
+    /// [`compute_anchors`]), forgetting the previous ones.
+    pub fn compute_anchors(&mut self) {
+        let anchors = compute_anchors(self);
+        let mut anchors = anchors.into_iter().peekable();
+        self.map_points(|index, trkpt| {
+            trkpt.anchor = match anchors.peek() {
+                Some(&(anchor, zoom)) if anchor == index => {
+                    anchors.next();
+                    Some(zoom)
+                }
+                _ => None,
+            };
+        });
+    }
+
+    /// A chunk that can be modified: the shared chunks are copied first.
+    fn chunk_mut(&mut self, chunk: usize) -> &mut TrackpointChunk {
+        let shared = &mut self.chunks[chunk];
+        if Rc::get_mut(shared).is_none() {
+            *shared = Rc::new(TrackpointChunk {
+                trkpt: shared.trkpt.clone(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            });
+        }
+        Rc::get_mut(shared).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    fn point_mut(&mut self, index: usize) -> &mut Trackpoint {
+        let TrackSegmentIndex { chunk, pos, .. } = self.locate(index).unwrap();
+        &mut self.chunk_mut(chunk).trkpt[pos]
+    }
+
+    /// Applies `f` to every trackpoint, with its index in the segment.
+    fn map_points(&mut self, mut f: impl FnMut(usize, &mut Trackpoint)) {
+        let mut offset = 0;
+        for chunk in 0..self.chunks.len() {
+            for (i, trkpt) in self.chunk_mut(chunk).trkpt.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+                f(offset + i, trkpt);
+            }
+            offset += self.chunks[chunk].trkpt.len();
+        }
     }
 
     fn fill(
@@ -309,9 +375,58 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(trkseg.first_index().is_none());
     }
 
+    fn anchors(trkseg: &TrackSegment) -> Vec<Option<u8>> {
+        trkseg.iter().map(|p| p.anchor).collect()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_splice_keeps_the_ends_anchors() {
+        let mut trkseg = TrackSegment::default();
+        assert_eq!(anchors(&trkseg), vec![]);
+        trkseg.splice(0, 0, points(&[0.0, 1.0, 2.0]));
+        assert_eq!(anchors(&trkseg), [Some(0), None, Some(0)]);
+
+        // new ends: the previous ones stay anchors
+        trkseg.splice(3, 3, points(&[3.0]));
+        trkseg.splice(0, 0, points(&[-1.0]));
+        assert_eq!(anchors(&trkseg), [Some(0), Some(0), None, Some(0), Some(0)]);
+
+        // removing the ends: the new ones become anchors
+        trkseg.splice(4, 5, vec![]);
+        trkseg.splice(0, 2, vec![]);
+        assert_eq!(anchors(&trkseg), [Some(0), Some(0)]);
+
+        // a single point is both ends
+        trkseg.splice(1, 2, vec![]);
+        assert_eq!(anchors(&trkseg), [Some(0)]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_compute_anchors_replaces_the_previous_ones() {
+        let mut trkseg = TrackSegment::default();
+        let line: Vec<_> = (0..10)
+            .map(|i| Trackpoint {
+                coordinates: crate::LngLat {
+                    lng: i as f64 * 0.001,
+                    lat: 0.0,
+                },
+                anchor: Some(5),
+                ..Default::default()
+            })
+            .collect();
+        trkseg.splice(0, 0, line);
+        trkseg.compute_anchors();
+        let mut expected = vec![None; 10];
+        expected[0] = Some(0);
+        expected[9] = Some(0);
+        assert_eq!(anchors(&trkseg), expected);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_splice_keeps_untouched_chunks_shared() {
         let mut trkseg = create_track_segment(5);
+        // the ends are anchors already, or their chunks would be copied
+        trkseg.ensure_end_anchors();
         let before = trkseg.chunks.clone();
         // inside the third chunk only
         trkseg.splice(4, 5, points(&[-1.0]));

gpx-rs/engine/src/core/gpx/trackpoint.rs

@@ -17,4 +17,8 @@ pub struct Trackpoint {
     pub sac_scale: Option<u8>,
     /// Code of the mountain biking scale, see [`crate::TrackpointCategories`].
     pub mtb_scale: Option<u8>,
+    /// Whether the trackpoint is an anchor of the routing tool (a point the user can drag to
+    /// reroute the segment): the lowest map zoom level at which it is shown. The first and last
+    /// trackpoints of a segment are always anchors that are always shown (zoom 0).
+    pub anchor: Option<u8>,
 }

gpx-rs/engine/src/core/io/parse.rs

@@ -179,6 +179,7 @@ pub fn parse(data: &[u8], categories: &mut TrackpointCategories) -> Result<File,
                     {
                         // `push` ignores the chunk if it is empty
                         trkseg.push(std::mem::take(&mut trkpt_chunk));
+                        trkseg.compute_anchors();
                         trk.trkseg.push(trkseg);
                     }
                 }

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/command.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use crate::{Apply, CommandError, State};
 use crate::{
-    Clean, Crop, Delete, DeleteAll, DeleteWaypoint, Duplicate, EditWaypoint, Elevation, Extract,
-    Load, LoadFiles, Merge, Metadata, Move, MoveWaypoint, New, NewTrack, NewTrackSegment,
-    NewWaypoint, Paste, Reverse, SpliceTrackpoints, Split, Style, Time,
+    ChangeLoopStart, Clean, Crop, Delete, DeleteAll, DeleteWaypoint, Duplicate, EditWaypoint,
+    Elevation, Extract, InsertAnchor, Load, LoadFiles, Merge, Metadata, Move, MoveWaypoint, New,
+    NewTrack, NewTrackSegment, NewWaypoint, Paste, Reverse, Route, Split, Style, Time,
 };
 
 /// A user action that edits the files. Each variant wraps the command's own struct, whose
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ pub enum Command<'a> {
     NewTrack(NewTrack),
     NewTrackSegment(NewTrackSegment),
     Reverse(Reverse),
-    SpliceTrackpoints(SpliceTrackpoints<'a>),
+    Route(Route<'a>),
     NewWaypoint(NewWaypoint<'a>),
     EditWaypoint(EditWaypoint<'a>),
     MoveWaypoint(MoveWaypoint),
@@ -35,8 +35,10 @@ pub enum Command<'a> {
     Time(Time),
     Merge(Merge),
     Extract(Extract),
+    InsertAnchor(InsertAnchor),
     Elevation(Elevation<'a>),
     Clean(Clean),
+    ChangeLoopStart(ChangeLoopStart),
 }
 
 impl Apply for Command<'_> {
@@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ impl Apply for Command<'_> {
             Command::NewTrack(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::NewTrackSegment(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::Reverse(c) => c.apply(state),
-            Command::SpliceTrackpoints(c) => c.apply(state),
+            Command::Route(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::NewWaypoint(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::EditWaypoint(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::MoveWaypoint(c) => c.apply(state),
@@ -65,8 +67,10 @@ impl Apply for Command<'_> {
             Command::Time(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::Merge(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::Extract(c) => c.apply(state),
+            Command::InsertAnchor(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::Elevation(c) => c.apply(state),
             Command::Clean(c) => c.apply(state),
+            Command::ChangeLoopStart(c) => c.apply(state),
         }
     }
 }

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/edit/metadata.rs

@@ -42,8 +42,18 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_metadata_applies_to_selected_file() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        New { name: "first" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
-        New { name: "second" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap(); // now selected
+        New {
+            name: "first",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "second",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap(); // now selected
         let selected = *fx.selected_files().iter().next().unwrap();
 
         Metadata {
@@ -95,7 +105,12 @@ mod tests {
 
     /// A new file with `nb_tracks` tracks (without name), selected.
     fn file_with_tracks(fx: &mut Fixture, nb_tracks: usize) {
-        New { name: "file" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "file",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         for _ in 0..nb_tracks {
             NewTrack.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
         }

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/edit/new_track.rs

@@ -37,7 +37,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_new_track() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        New { name: "file" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "file",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         NewTrack.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
         NewTrack.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
         let file = fx.files.values().next().unwrap();
@@ -48,7 +53,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_new_track_inherits_agreeing_style_only() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        New { name: "file" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "file",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         NewTrack.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
         NewTrack.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
         let file = std::rc::Rc::make_mut(fx.files.values_mut().next().unwrap());

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/edit/new_track_segment.rs

@@ -26,7 +26,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_new_track_segment_on_each_track_of_selected_file() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        New { name: "file" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "file",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         NewTrack.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
         NewTrack.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
         NewTrackSegment.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/file/delete.rs

@@ -130,7 +130,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_delete_selected_files() {
         let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
-        crate::New { name: "keep" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        crate::New {
+            name: "keep",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         let keep = fx.order.0[1];
         fx.selection = Selection::File {
             file_ids: HashSet::from([id]),
@@ -263,7 +268,12 @@ mod tests {
             },
         ] {
             let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
-            crate::New { name: "keep" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+            crate::New {
+                name: "keep",
+                trackpoint: None,
+            }
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
             let keep = fx.order.0[1];
             fx.selection = selection(id, &fx);
             Delete { whole_files: true }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/file/delete_all.rs

@@ -28,8 +28,18 @@ mod tests {
             DeleteAll.apply(&mut fx.state()),
             Err(CommandError::NothingToDo)
         );
-        crate::New { name: "a" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
-        crate::New { name: "b" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        crate::New {
+            name: "a",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        crate::New {
+            name: "b",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         assert!(DeleteAll.apply(&mut fx.state()).is_ok());
         assert!(fx.files.is_empty());
         assert!(fx.order.0.is_empty());

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/file/duplicate.rs

@@ -195,7 +195,12 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_duplicate_files_go_after_last_selected() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
         for name in ["a", "b", "c"] {
-            crate::New { name }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+            crate::New {
+                name,
+                trackpoint: None,
+            }
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
         }
         let [a, b, c] = [fx.order.0[0], fx.order.0[1], fx.order.0[2]];
         fx.selection = Selection::File {

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/file/load.rs

@@ -82,7 +82,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_load_invalid_file_changes_nothing() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        crate::New { name: "keep" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        crate::New {
+            name: "keep",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         let selected = fx.selected_files();
 
         let result = Load {
@@ -132,9 +137,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_load_several_files() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        crate::New { name: "before" }
-            .apply(&mut fx.state())
-            .unwrap();
+        crate::New {
+            name: "before",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         let before = fx.order.0[0];
         let (a, b, c) = (gpx("a"), gpx("b"), gpx("c"));
 
@@ -178,7 +186,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_load_several_invalid_files_changes_nothing() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        crate::New { name: "keep" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        crate::New {
+            name: "keep",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         let selected = fx.selected_files();
 
         let result = LoadFiles {

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/file/new.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,19 @@
-use crate::{Apply, CommandError, File, State, produce};
+use crate::{Apply, CommandError, File, LngLat, State, Track, TrackSegment, Trackpoint, produce};
 
+/// Creates an empty file and selects it. With a `trackpoint`, the file starts with a track and a
+/// segment that hold it: it is how the routing tool starts a route on an empty map, in a single
+/// undo step.
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct New<'a> {
     pub name: &'a str,
+    pub trackpoint: Option<NewTrackpoint>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct NewTrackpoint {
+    pub lng: f64,
+    pub lat: f64,
+    pub ele: f64,
 }
 
 impl Apply for New<'_> {
@@ -10,6 +21,26 @@ impl Apply for New<'_> {
         produce(state, |_| {
             let mut file = File::default();
             file.info.name = self.name.to_owned();
+            if let Some(point) = self.trackpoint {
+                let mut segment = TrackSegment::default();
+                // the ends of a segment are anchors of the routing tool
+                segment.splice(
+                    0,
+                    0,
+                    vec![Trackpoint {
+                        coordinates: LngLat {
+                            lng: point.lng,
+                            lat: point.lat,
+                        },
+                        ele: point.ele,
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    }],
+                );
+                file.trk.push(Track {
+                    trkseg: vec![segment],
+                    ..Default::default()
+                });
+            }
             vec![file]
         });
         Ok(())
@@ -25,7 +56,14 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_new() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        assert!(New { name: "new" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).is_ok());
+        assert!(
+            New {
+                name: "new",
+                trackpoint: None
+            }
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .is_ok()
+        );
         assert_eq!(fx.files.len(), 1);
         let file = fx.files.values().next().unwrap();
         assert_eq!(file.info.name, "new");
@@ -33,4 +71,31 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(fx.selected_files(), [file.id].into());
         assert_eq!(fx.order.0, vec![file.id]);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_new_with_a_trackpoint() {
+        let mut fx = Fixture::default();
+        let point = NewTrackpoint {
+            lng: 1.0,
+            lat: 2.0,
+            ele: 3.0,
+        };
+        New {
+            name: "new",
+            trackpoint: Some(point),
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        let file = fx.files.values().next().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(file.trk.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(file.trk[0].trkseg.len(), 1);
+        let segment = &file.trk[0].trkseg[0];
+        assert_eq!(segment.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(segment[0].coordinates.lng, 1.0);
+        assert_eq!(segment[0].coordinates.lat, 2.0);
+        assert_eq!(segment[0].ele, 3.0);
+        // the only trackpoint is an anchor of the routing tool
+        assert_eq!(segment[0].anchor, Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(fx.selected_files(), [file.id].into());
+    }
 }

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/tools/change_loop_start.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
+use crate::{Apply, CommandError, State, Trackpoint, replace_trackpoints};
+
+use super::route::find_target;
+
+/// Makes the trackpoint `index` of the selection (see `RoutingBuffer`) the start of its segment,
+/// which is a loop: the trackpoints before it, and itself, are copied after the last trackpoint
+/// of the segment, and the original ones are removed. The trackpoint is both the first and the
+/// last one, which closes the loop on it.
+///
+/// The copies keep their durations, and start one second after the previous last trackpoint if
+/// the segment has timestamps (see [`replace_trackpoints`]).
+///
+/// It is how the routing tool starts a loop somewhere else. The first and last trackpoints are
+/// anchors shown at every zoom level, as any end of a segment.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct ChangeLoopStart {
+    pub index: u32,
+}
+
+impl Apply for ChangeLoopStart {
+    fn apply(self, state: &mut State) -> Result<(), CommandError> {
+        let index = self.index as usize;
+        let target = find_target(state, index, index)?.ok_or(CommandError::NothingToDo)?;
+        let mut file = (*state.files[&target.location.file_id]).clone();
+        let segment = &mut file.trk[target.location.trk].trkseg[target.location.seg];
+        let (start, len) = (target.start, segment.len());
+        if start == 0 || start >= len {
+            // it already is the start, or it is not a trackpoint
+            return Err(CommandError::NothingToDo);
+        }
+
+        // the trackpoint itself ends the loop as well
+        let moved: Vec<Trackpoint> = segment.iter().take(start + 1).cloned().collect();
+        // the copies are shifted after the last trackpoint, which is all that matters of the rest
+        let mut tail = vec![segment[len - 1].clone()];
+        replace_trackpoints(&mut tail, 1, 1, moved, None, None, false);
+        tail.remove(0);
+
+        // only the chunks at the ends of the segment change: the others stay shared
+        segment.splice(len, len, tail);
+        segment.splice(0, start, vec![]);
+        segment.rev_id = Default::default();
+        state.files.insert(target.location.file_id, Rc::new(file));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+    use crate::{FileId, Load, Selection, TrackSegment, engine::command::fixture::Fixture};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn loaded(path: &str) -> (Fixture, FileId) {
+        let mut fx = Fixture::default();
+        let data = std::fs::read(path).unwrap();
+        Load {
+            data: &data,
+            name: "file",
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        let id = fx.order.0[0];
+        fx.selection = Selection::File {
+            file_ids: HashSet::from([id]),
+        };
+        (fx, id)
+    }
+
+    fn first_segment(fx: &Fixture, id: FileId) -> TrackSegment {
+        fx.files[&id].trk[0].trkseg[0].clone()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_the_points_before_move_to_the_end_and_the_loop_closes_on_the_start() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded("data/simple.gpx");
+        let before = first_segment(&fx, id);
+        let n = before.len();
+        assert!(n > 10);
+
+        ChangeLoopStart { index: 4 }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        let after = first_segment(&fx, id);
+        // the trackpoint is repeated at the end
+        assert_eq!(after.len(), n + 1);
+        assert_ne!(after.rev_id, before.rev_id);
+        let lng = |s: &TrackSegment, i: usize| s[i].coordinates.lng;
+        for i in 0..=n {
+            assert_eq!(lng(&after, i), lng(&before, (i + 4) % n), "{i}");
+        }
+        assert_eq!(lng(&after, n), lng(&after, 0));
+        // the start and the end of the new segment are anchors, whatever they were
+        assert_eq!(after[0].anchor, Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(after[n].anchor, Some(0));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_the_moved_part_is_shifted_after_the_last_point() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded("data/with_time.gpx");
+        let before = first_segment(&fx, id);
+        let n = before.len();
+        ChangeLoopStart { index: 30 }
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        let after = first_segment(&fx, id);
+        assert_eq!(after.len(), n + 1);
+        let times: Vec<_> = after.iter().map(|p| p.time.unwrap()).collect();
+        assert!(times.windows(2).all(|w| w[0] < w[1]), "{times:?}");
+        // the part that was after the index is untouched
+        for i in 0..n - 30 {
+            assert_eq!(after[i].time, before[30 + i].time);
+        }
+        // the copies follow the last point by a second, and keep their durations
+        let last = before[n - 1].time.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(after[n - 30].time, Some(last + 1000));
+        for i in n - 30..n {
+            let original = i - (n - 30);
+            assert_eq!(
+                after[i + 1].time.unwrap() - after[i].time.unwrap(),
+                before[original + 1].time.unwrap() - before[original].time.unwrap(),
+                "{i}"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_nothing_to_do_on_the_start_or_out_of_the_trackpoints() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded("data/simple.gpx");
+        let before = fx.files[&id].clone();
+        assert_eq!(
+            ChangeLoopStart { index: 0 }.apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            Err(CommandError::NothingToDo)
+        );
+        let total = first_segment(&fx, id).len() as u32;
+        assert!(matches!(
+            ChangeLoopStart { index: total + 5 }.apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            Err(CommandError::InvalidData(_))
+        ));
+        assert!(Rc::ptr_eq(&fx.files[&id], &before));
+    }
+}

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/tools/insert_anchor.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
+use crate::{Apply, CommandError, LngLat, SegmentLocation, State, Trackpoint, distance, projected};
+
+/// Under this distance (in meters) to a trackpoint, that trackpoint becomes the anchor instead of
+/// a new one being inserted next to it.
+const SNAP_DISTANCE: f64 = 1.0;
+
+/// Makes an anchor of the routing tool, shown at every zoom level, of the point of the selected
+/// segments that is the closest to the given coordinates. That is the trackpoint itself if the
+/// coordinates are on one, otherwise a new trackpoint is inserted on the path, at the position
+/// of the coordinates projected on it, with an elevation and a time in between the ones of its
+/// neighbours.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct InsertAnchor {
+    pub lng: f64,
+    pub lat: f64,
+}
+
+/// Where the anchor goes: between the trackpoints `before` and `before + 1` of a segment, at
+/// `ratio` of the distance from the first one, which is `projection`. `distance` is the one from
+/// there to the coordinates, in meters.
+struct Position {
+    location: SegmentLocation,
+    before: usize,
+    ratio: f64,
+    projection: LngLat,
+    distance: f64,
+}
+
+impl Apply for InsertAnchor {
+    fn apply(self, state: &mut State) -> Result<(), CommandError> {
+        let target = LngLat {
+            lng: self.lng,
+            lat: self.lat,
+        };
+        let mut closest: Option<Position> = None;
+        for location in state
+            .selection
+            .segment_locations(state.files, &state.order.0)
+        {
+            let segment = &state.files[&location.file_id].trk[location.trk].trkseg[location.seg];
+            let mut points = segment.iter();
+            let Some(mut previous) = points.next() else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            if segment.len() == 1 {
+                // a single point is its own path
+                let d = distance(previous.coordinates, target) * 1000.0;
+                if closest.as_ref().is_none_or(|c| d < c.distance) {
+                    closest = Some(Position {
+                        location,
+                        before: 0,
+                        ratio: 0.0,
+                        projection: previous.coordinates,
+                        distance: d,
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+            for (i, point) in points.enumerate() {
+                let projection = projected(previous.coordinates, point.coordinates, target);
+                let d = distance(projection, target) * 1000.0;
+                if closest.as_ref().is_none_or(|c| d < c.distance) {
+                    let length = distance(previous.coordinates, point.coordinates);
+                    let ratio = if length > 0.0 {
+                        distance(previous.coordinates, projection) / length
+                    } else {
+                        0.0
+                    };
+                    closest = Some(Position {
+                        location,
+                        before: i,
+                        ratio,
+                        projection,
+                        distance: d,
+                    });
+                }
+                previous = point;
+            }
+        }
+        let closest = closest.ok_or(CommandError::NothingToDo)?;
+
+        let mut file = (*state.files[&closest.location.file_id]).clone();
+        let segment = &mut file.trk[closest.location.trk].trkseg[closest.location.seg];
+        let before = closest.before;
+        // on a trackpoint already, if it is closer than `SNAP_DISTANCE`
+        let snapped = if segment.len() == 1 {
+            Some(0)
+        } else {
+            let (a, b) = (&segment[before], &segment[before + 1]);
+            let meters = 1000.0 * distance(a.coordinates, b.coordinates);
+            if closest.ratio * meters < SNAP_DISTANCE {
+                Some(before)
+            } else if (1.0 - closest.ratio) * meters < SNAP_DISTANCE {
+                Some(before + 1)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        };
+        if let Some(index) = snapped {
+            if segment[index].anchor == Some(0) {
+                return Err(CommandError::NothingToDo);
+            }
+            segment.set_anchor(index, 0);
+        } else {
+            let (a, b) = (&segment[before], &segment[before + 1]);
+            let ratio = closest.ratio;
+            let mut point: Trackpoint = a.clone();
+            point.coordinates = closest.projection;
+            point.ele = (1.0 - ratio) * a.ele + ratio * b.ele;
+            point.time = a
+                .time
+                .zip(b.time)
+                .map(|(a, b)| ((1.0 - ratio) * a as f64 + ratio * b as f64) as i64);
+            point.anchor = Some(0);
+            segment.splice(before + 1, before + 1, vec![point]);
+        }
+        segment.rev_id = Default::default();
+        state.files.insert(closest.location.file_id, Rc::new(file));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+    use crate::{FileId, Load, Selection, engine::command::fixture::Fixture};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn loaded(path: &str) -> (Fixture, FileId) {
+        let mut fx = Fixture::default();
+        let data = std::fs::read(path).unwrap();
+        Load {
+            data: &data,
+            name: "file",
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        let id = fx.order.0[0];
+        fx.selection = Selection::File {
+            file_ids: HashSet::from([id]),
+        };
+        (fx, id)
+    }
+
+    fn first_segment(fx: &Fixture, id: FileId) -> crate::TrackSegment {
+        fx.files[&id].trk[0].trkseg[0].clone()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_a_point_is_inserted_between_its_neighbours() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded("data/with_time.gpx");
+        let before = first_segment(&fx, id);
+        let (a, b) = (&before[10], &before[11]);
+        // a bit off the line, closer to the middle of the two points
+        let target = LngLat {
+            lng: (a.coordinates.lng + b.coordinates.lng) / 2.0 + 1e-6,
+            lat: (a.coordinates.lat + b.coordinates.lat) / 2.0 + 1e-6,
+        };
+        InsertAnchor {
+            lng: target.lng,
+            lat: target.lat,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+
+        let after = first_segment(&fx, id);
+        assert_eq!(after.len(), before.len() + 1);
+        assert_ne!(after.rev_id, before.rev_id);
+        let point = &after[11];
+        assert_eq!(point.anchor, Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(after[10].coordinates.lng, a.coordinates.lng);
+        assert_eq!(after[12].coordinates.lng, b.coordinates.lng);
+        // between its neighbours, with the interpolated elevation and time
+        let ratio = (point.time.unwrap() - a.time.unwrap()) as f64
+            / (b.time.unwrap() - a.time.unwrap()) as f64;
+        assert!((0.3..0.7).contains(&ratio), "{ratio}");
+        let expected = a.ele + ratio * (b.ele - a.ele);
+        assert!(
+            (point.ele - expected).abs() < 0.5,
+            "{} {expected}",
+            point.ele
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_a_trackpoint_that_is_hit_becomes_the_anchor() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded("data/with_time.gpx");
+        let before = first_segment(&fx, id);
+        assert_eq!(before[10].anchor.is_some(), before[10].anchor == Some(0));
+        let point = &before[10];
+        InsertAnchor {
+            lng: point.coordinates.lng,
+            lat: point.coordinates.lat,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        let after = first_segment(&fx, id);
+        assert_eq!(after.len(), before.len());
+        let anchors = (0..after.len())
+            .filter(|i| after[*i].anchor == Some(0))
+            .count();
+        assert!(anchors >= 3, "{anchors}");
+        assert!(
+            after
+                .iter()
+                .zip(before.iter())
+                .all(|(a, b)| a.coordinates.lng == b.coordinates.lng)
+        );
+        // doing it again changes nothing
+        let again = InsertAnchor {
+            lng: point.coordinates.lng,
+            lat: point.coordinates.lat,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state());
+        assert!(again.is_ok() || again == Err(CommandError::NothingToDo));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_nothing_to_do_without_a_segment() {
+        let (mut fx, _) = loaded("data/with_time.gpx");
+        fx.selection = Selection::Empty;
+        assert_eq!(
+            InsertAnchor { lng: 1.0, lat: 1.0 }.apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            Err(CommandError::NothingToDo)
+        );
+    }
+}

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/tools/mod.rs

@@ -1,25 +1,29 @@
+mod change_loop_start;
 mod clean;
 mod crop;
 mod edit_waypoint;
 mod elevation;
 mod extract;
+mod insert_anchor;
 mod merge;
 mod move_waypoint;
 mod new_waypoint;
 mod reverse;
-mod splice_trackpoints;
+mod route;
 mod split;
 mod time;
 
+pub use change_loop_start::*;
 pub use clean::*;
 pub use crop::*;
 pub use edit_waypoint::*;
 pub use elevation::*;
 pub use extract::*;
+pub use insert_anchor::*;
 pub use merge::*;
 pub use move_waypoint::*;
 pub use new_waypoint::*;
 pub use reverse::*;
-pub use splice_trackpoints::*;
+pub use route::*;
 pub use split::*;
 pub use time::*;

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/tools/new_waypoint.rs

@@ -114,8 +114,18 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_new_waypoint_in_the_selected_file() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        New { name: "a" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
-        New { name: "b" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "a",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "b",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         let (a, b) = (fx.order.0[0], fx.order.0[1]);
         let rev = fx.files[&b].wpt_rev_id;
 
@@ -155,7 +165,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_empty_fields_are_not_set() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        New { name: "a" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "a",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         let a = fx.order.0[0];
         NewWaypoint {
             lng: 1.0,
@@ -177,7 +192,12 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_each_selected_file_gets_its_own_waypoint() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
         for name in ["a", "b", "c"] {
-            New { name }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+            New {
+                name,
+                trackpoint: None,
+            }
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
         }
         let ids = fx.order.0.clone();
         fx.selection = Selection::File {
@@ -210,7 +230,12 @@ mod tests {
             },
         ] {
             let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-            New { name: "a" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+            New {
+                name: "a",
+                trackpoint: None,
+            }
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
             let a = fx.order.0[0];
             fx.selection = selection(a);
             new_waypoint("w").apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
@@ -221,7 +246,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_nothing_selected_or_unknown_file() {
         let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        New { name: "a" }.apply(&mut fx.state()).unwrap();
+        New {
+            name: "a",
+            trackpoint: None,
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
         fx.selection = Selection::Empty;
         assert_eq!(
             new_waypoint("w").apply(&mut fx.state()),

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/tools/route.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,810 @@
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
+use crate::{
+    Apply, Categories, CommandError, FileId, SegmentLocation, Selection, State, Statistics, Track,
+    TrackSegment, Trackpoint, distance, replace_trackpoints,
+};
+
+/// The values of an OSM attribute (surface, highway...) of the new trackpoints of a [`Route`], as
+/// the intervals of consecutive trackpoints that share one: `starts[i]` is the index of the first
+/// trackpoint of the interval `i`, and `values[i]` its value, 0 when unknown, else 1 + the index
+/// of its name in `names`. No intervals means that the attribute is unknown everywhere.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct RouteCategory<'a> {
+    pub starts: &'a [u32],
+    pub values: &'a [u8],
+    pub names: &'a [String],
+}
+
+impl RouteCategory<'_> {
+    /// The code in `categories` of the value of each of the `len` new trackpoints. A name is
+    /// added to the table of the categories if it is new.
+    fn codes(
+        &self,
+        categories: &mut Categories,
+        len: usize,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Option<u8>>, CommandError> {
+        if self.starts.len() != self.values.len() {
+            return Err(invalid("intervals of different lengths"));
+        }
+        let mut codes = vec![None; len];
+        for (i, (start, value)) in self.starts.iter().zip(self.values).enumerate() {
+            let end = self.starts.get(i + 1).map_or(len, |end| *end as usize);
+            let start = *start as usize;
+            if start > end || end > len {
+                return Err(invalid("intervals out of the trackpoints"));
+            }
+            if *value == 0 {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let name = self
+                .names
+                .get(usize::from(*value) - 1)
+                .ok_or_else(|| invalid("unknown name of category"))?;
+            codes[start..end].fill(categories.code(name));
+        }
+        Ok(codes)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Replaces the trackpoints `start..end` of a segment of the selection by the given ones (a pure
+/// insertion when `start == end`, a pure removal when there are no new points). It is how the
+/// routing tool reroutes a part of a segment, extends it, or removes the end of it.
+///
+/// `start` and `end` are indices in the trackpoints of the selection (see `RoutingBuffer`): the
+/// range has to be in a single segment, and `start == end == the number of trackpoints` appends
+/// to the last one. If the selection has no trackpoints at all, they go to its last segment, which
+/// is created if needed (in the last track, or in a new one, of the last selected file).
+///
+/// The timestamps follow: the new points get some if the segment has, at the speed it had on the
+/// replaced part (see [`replace_trackpoints`]).
+///
+/// The new points listed in `anchors` become anchors of the routing tool, shown at every zoom
+/// level. The anchors of the segment out of the range are kept, and the ends of the segment are
+/// anchors anyway. The ones right before and after the range, between which the route goes, become
+/// shown at every zoom level as well.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Route<'a> {
+    pub start: u32,
+    pub end: u32,
+    pub lng: &'a [f64],
+    pub lat: &'a [f64],
+    pub ele: &'a [f64],
+    pub surface: RouteCategory<'a>,
+    pub highway: RouteCategory<'a>,
+    pub sac_scale: RouteCategory<'a>,
+    pub mtb_scale: RouteCategory<'a>,
+    /// Indices among the new trackpoints.
+    pub anchors: &'a [u32],
+}
+
+fn invalid(message: &str) -> CommandError {
+    CommandError::InvalidData(message.into())
+}
+
+/// A segment of the selection, and the range of its trackpoints that is concerned.
+pub(super) struct Target {
+    pub location: SegmentLocation,
+    pub start: usize,
+    pub end: usize,
+}
+
+impl Apply for Route<'_> {
+    fn apply(self, state: &mut State) -> Result<(), CommandError> {
+        let (start, end) = (self.start as usize, self.end as usize);
+        let len = self.lng.len();
+        if start > end || self.lat.len() != len || self.ele.len() != len {
+            return Err(invalid("invalid trackpoints range"));
+        }
+        if self.anchors.iter().any(|anchor| *anchor as usize >= len) {
+            return Err(invalid("anchor out of the new trackpoints"));
+        }
+        if start == end && len == 0 {
+            return Err(CommandError::NothingToDo);
+        }
+
+        let categories = &mut *state.categories;
+        let surface = self.surface.codes(&mut categories.surface, len)?;
+        let highway = self.highway.codes(&mut categories.highway, len)?;
+        let sac_scale = self.sac_scale.codes(&mut categories.sac_scale, len)?;
+        let mtb_scale = self.mtb_scale.codes(&mut categories.mtb_scale, len)?;
+        let points: Vec<Trackpoint> = (0..len)
+            .map(|i| Trackpoint {
+                coordinates: crate::LngLat {
+                    lng: self.lng[i],
+                    lat: self.lat[i],
+                },
+                ele: self.ele[i],
+                surface: surface[i],
+                highway: highway[i],
+                sac_scale: sac_scale[i],
+                mtb_scale: mtb_scale[i],
+                ..Default::default()
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let mut points = points;
+        for anchor in self.anchors {
+            points[*anchor as usize].anchor = Some(0);
+        }
+
+        let mut file;
+        let target = match find_target(state, start, end)? {
+            Some(target) => {
+                file = (*state.files[&target.location.file_id]).clone();
+                target
+            }
+            None => {
+                let (file_id, trk) = container(state).ok_or(CommandError::NothingToDo)?;
+                if start != 0 || end != 0 {
+                    return Err(invalid("trackpoints range out of bounds"));
+                }
+                file = (*state.files[&file_id]).clone();
+                // the segment of the last track, which may be new
+                let trk = match trk.or_else(|| file.trk.len().checked_sub(1)) {
+                    Some(trk) => trk,
+                    None => {
+                        file.trk.push(Track::default());
+                        file.trk.len() - 1
+                    }
+                };
+                if file.trk[trk].trkseg.is_empty() {
+                    file.trk[trk].trkseg.push(TrackSegment::default());
+                }
+                let seg = file.trk[trk].trkseg.len() - 1;
+                Target {
+                    location: SegmentLocation { file_id, trk, seg },
+                    start: 0,
+                    end: 0,
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let segment = &mut file.trk[target.location.trk].trkseg[target.location.seg];
+        let new_len = points.len();
+        let (speed, start_time) = speed_and_start_time(segment, &target, &points);
+        let has_times = !segment.is_empty() && segment[0].time.is_some();
+        if speed.is_some() || has_times {
+            // the timestamps of the whole segment can change
+            let mut all: Vec<Trackpoint> = segment.iter().cloned().collect();
+            let old_len = all.len();
+            replace_trackpoints(
+                &mut all,
+                target.start,
+                target.end,
+                points,
+                speed,
+                start_time,
+                false,
+            );
+            segment.splice(0, old_len, all);
+        } else {
+            segment.splice(target.start, target.end, points);
+        }
+        // the anchors next to the new points are the ones that were moved or removed around:
+        // they become permanent
+        for index in [target.start.checked_sub(1), Some(target.start + new_len)]
+            .into_iter()
+            .flatten()
+        {
+            if index < segment.len() && segment[index].anchor.is_some_and(|zoom| zoom != 0) {
+                segment.set_anchor(index, 0);
+            }
+        }
+        segment.rev_id = Default::default();
+        state.files.insert(target.location.file_id, Rc::new(file));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+/// The segment of the trackpoints `start..end` of the selection.
+pub(super) fn find_target(
+    state: &State,
+    start: usize,
+    end: usize,
+) -> Result<Option<Target>, CommandError> {
+    let locations = state
+        .selection
+        .segment_locations(state.files, &state.order.0);
+    let segments: Vec<(SegmentLocation, usize)> = locations
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|location| {
+            let segment = &state.files[&location.file_id].trk[location.trk].trkseg[location.seg];
+            (location, segment.len())
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let total: usize = segments.iter().map(|(_, len)| len).sum();
+
+    if total == 0 {
+        // an empty segment of the selection, if there is one
+        return match segments.last() {
+            Some((location, _)) if start == 0 && end == 0 => Ok(Some(Target {
+                location: *location,
+                start: 0,
+                end: 0,
+            })),
+            Some(_) => Err(invalid("trackpoints range out of bounds")),
+            None => Ok(None),
+        };
+    }
+
+    let mut offset = 0;
+    for (location, len) in segments.iter().filter(|(_, len)| *len > 0) {
+        // appending to the selection is appending to its last segment
+        let appends = offset + len == total && start == total;
+        if start >= offset && (start < offset + len || appends) {
+            if end > offset + len {
+                return Err(invalid("trackpoints range over several segments"));
+            }
+            return Ok(Some(Target {
+                location: *location,
+                start: start - offset,
+                end: end - offset,
+            }));
+        }
+        offset += len;
+    }
+    Err(invalid("trackpoints range out of bounds"))
+}
+
+/// The file, and the track (if the selection is one), where to create a segment in a selection
+/// that has none.
+fn container(state: &State) -> Option<(FileId, Option<usize>)> {
+    match &*state.selection {
+        Selection::File { file_ids } => {
+            let id = state
+                .order
+                .0
+                .iter()
+                .rev()
+                .find(|id| file_ids.contains(id))
+                .or_else(|| file_ids.iter().next())?;
+            state.files.contains_key(id).then_some((*id, None))
+        }
+        Selection::Track { file_id, trk_ids } => {
+            let trk = state
+                .files
+                .get(file_id)?
+                .trk
+                .iter()
+                .rposition(|trk| trk_ids.contains(&trk.id))?;
+            Some((*file_id, Some(trk)))
+        }
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+/// The speed at which the new points are reached and the time of the first one, when the segment
+/// has times to keep consistent: the speed is the one that the segment had on the part that is
+/// replaced, adjusted so that the moving speed of the whole segment stays what it was.
+///
+/// The replaced part goes from the trackpoint before the range (the anchor that stays) to the one
+/// after it, or to the ends of the segment: the new points are the route between them.
+///
+/// This is what the routing tool computed from the statistics of the segment before.
+fn speed_and_start_time(
+    segment: &TrackSegment,
+    target: &Target,
+    points: &[Trackpoint],
+) -> (Option<f64>, Option<i64>) {
+    let time_at = |index: usize| {
+        (index < segment.len())
+            .then(|| segment[index].time)
+            .flatten()
+    };
+    let start_time = time_at(target.start);
+    if points.is_empty() || segment.is_empty() {
+        return (None, start_time);
+    }
+    let stats = Statistics::compute(segment);
+    let Some(moving_speed) = stats.global.moving_speed().filter(|speed| *speed > 0.0) else {
+        return (None, start_time);
+    };
+
+    // the statistics where the replaced part starts and ends
+    let first_index = target.start.saturating_sub(1);
+    let last_index = target.end.min(segment.len() - 1);
+    let (first, last) = (&stats.local[first_index], &stats.local[last_index]);
+    let moving_distance =
+        |stats: &crate::TrackpointStatistics| stats.moving_distance.unwrap_or(0.0);
+    let moving_time = |stats: &crate::TrackpointStatistics| stats.moving_time.unwrap_or(0);
+    let total_time = |stats: &crate::TrackpointStatistics| stats.total_time.unwrap_or(0);
+
+    let replacing_distance: f64 = points
+        .windows(2)
+        .map(|pair| distance(pair[0].coordinates, pair[1].coordinates))
+        .sum();
+    let replaced_distance = moving_distance(last) - moving_distance(first);
+    let global_moving_distance = stats.global.moving_distance.unwrap_or(0.0);
+    let new_distance = global_moving_distance + replacing_distance - replaced_distance;
+    // in milliseconds
+    let new_time = new_distance / moving_speed * 3_600_000.0;
+    let remaining_time = stats.global.moving_time.unwrap_or(0) as f64
+        - (moving_time(last) - moving_time(first)) as f64;
+    let mut replacing_time = new_time - remaining_time;
+    if replacing_time <= 0.0 {
+        // fall back to the time that the replaced part took
+        replacing_time = (total_time(last) - total_time(first)) as f64;
+    }
+    let speed = replacing_distance / (replacing_time / 3_600_000.0);
+
+    let start_time = start_time.or_else(|| {
+        // The first trackpoint has no time: the new points end when the last replaced one did,
+        // after the time they take and the time that the segment was not moving until then.
+        // (Suspicious: without a time for the last one either, it is "0", the year 1970.)
+        let end_time = time_at(last_index);
+        let stopped = (total_time(last) - moving_time(last)) as f64;
+        Some(end_time.unwrap_or(0) - (replacing_time + stopped) as i64)
+    });
+    (Some(speed), start_time)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+    use crate::{File, Load, TrackSegmentId, engine::command::fixture::Fixture};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn load(fx: &mut Fixture, path: &str) -> FileId {
+        let data = std::fs::read(path).unwrap();
+        Load {
+            data: &data,
+            name: "file",
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        *fx.order.0.last().unwrap()
+    }
+
+    fn select_file(fx: &mut Fixture, id: FileId) {
+        fx.selection = Selection::File {
+            file_ids: HashSet::from([id]),
+        };
+    }
+
+    /// The first segment of the file with segments, selected.
+    fn loaded() -> (Fixture, FileId) {
+        let mut fx = Fixture::default();
+        let id = load(&mut fx, "data/with_tracks_and_segments.gpx");
+        let trk = &fx.files[&id].trk[0];
+        fx.selection = Selection::TrackSegment {
+            file_id: id,
+            trk_id: trk.id,
+            trkseg_ids: HashSet::from([trk.trkseg[0].id]),
+        };
+        (fx, id)
+    }
+
+    fn route<'a>(
+        start: u32,
+        end: u32,
+        lng: &'a [f64],
+        lat: &'a [f64],
+        ele: &'a [f64],
+    ) -> Route<'a> {
+        Route {
+            start,
+            end,
+            lng,
+            lat,
+            ele,
+            surface: Default::default(),
+            highway: Default::default(),
+            sac_scale: Default::default(),
+            mtb_scale: Default::default(),
+            anchors: &[],
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn segment<'a>(fx: &'a Fixture, id: FileId, trk: usize, seg: usize) -> &'a TrackSegment {
+        &fx.files[&id].trk[trk].trkseg[seg]
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_replaces_points_of_the_selected_segment_only() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
+        let before = fx.files[&id].clone();
+        let len = before.trk[0].trkseg[0].len();
+        assert!(len >= 3);
+
+        route(1, 3, &[1.0, 2.0, 3.0], &[4.0, 5.0, 6.0], &[7.0, 8.0, 9.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let after = &fx.files[&id];
+        let (old, new) = (&before.trk[0].trkseg[0], &after.trk[0].trkseg[0]);
+        assert_eq!(new.len(), len + 1);
+        assert_eq!(new[0].coordinates.lng, old[0].coordinates.lng);
+        assert_eq!(new[1].coordinates.lng, 1.0);
+        assert_eq!(new[3].coordinates.lat, 6.0);
+        assert_eq!(new[3].ele, 9.0);
+        assert_eq!(new[4].coordinates.lng, old[3].coordinates.lng);
+        assert_ne!(new.rev_id, old.rev_id);
+        assert_eq!(new.id, old.id);
+        // other segments and tracks keep their revision
+        for (b, a) in before.trk.iter().zip(&after.trk) {
+            for (b, a) in b.trkseg.iter().zip(&a.trkseg) {
+                if a.id != new.id {
+                    assert_eq!(a.rev_id, b.rev_id);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_append_and_remove() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
+        let len = fx.files[&id].trk[0].trkseg[0].len() as u32;
+        route(len, len, &[1.0], &[2.0], &[3.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        let seg = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0);
+        assert_eq!(seg.len(), len as usize + 1);
+        assert_eq!(seg[len as usize].ele, 3.0);
+
+        route(0, len + 1, &[], &[], &[])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).len(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_invalid_arguments_change_nothing() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
+        let before = fx.files[&id].clone();
+        let len = before.trk[0].trkseg[0].len() as u32;
+        let results = [
+            route(2, 1, &[], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            route(0, 0, &[1.0], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            route(0, len + 1, &[], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            route(len + 1, len + 1, &[1.0], &[1.0], &[1.0]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            Route {
+                anchors: &[1],
+                ..route(0, 0, &[1.0], &[1.0], &[1.0])
+            }
+            .apply(&mut fx.state()),
+        ];
+        assert!(
+            results
+                .iter()
+                .all(|r| matches!(r, Err(CommandError::InvalidData(_)))),
+            "{results:?}"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            route(0, 0, &[], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            Err(CommandError::NothingToDo)
+        );
+        assert!(Rc::ptr_eq(&fx.files[&id], &before));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_needs_a_selection_with_a_file() {
+        let (mut fx, _) = loaded();
+        fx.selection = Selection::Empty;
+        assert_eq!(
+            route(0, 0, &[1.0], &[1.0], &[1.0]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            Err(CommandError::NothingToDo)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_indices_are_in_the_selection() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
+        let file = fx.files[&id].clone();
+        select_file(&mut fx, id);
+        let lens: Vec<_> = file
+            .trk
+            .iter()
+            .flat_map(|trk| trk.trkseg.iter().map(TrackSegment::len))
+            .collect();
+        assert!(lens.len() >= 2);
+
+        // inside the second segment
+        let second = lens[0] as u32;
+        route(second + 1, second + 2, &[1.0], &[2.0], &[3.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        let (trk, seg) = (0, 1);
+        let segments_before: Vec<_> = file.trk.iter().flat_map(|t| &t.trkseg).collect();
+        let files = fx.files[&id].clone();
+        let segments_after: Vec<_> = files.trk.iter().flat_map(|t| &t.trkseg).collect();
+        for (i, (b, a)) in segments_before.iter().zip(&segments_after).enumerate() {
+            assert_eq!(a.rev_id != b.rev_id, i == 1, "segment {i}");
+        }
+        assert_eq!(segment(&fx, id, trk, seg)[1].coordinates.lng, 1.0);
+
+        // a range over two segments
+        let total: usize = lens.iter().sum();
+        assert!(matches!(
+            route(second - 1, second + 1, &[], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
+            Err(CommandError::InvalidData(_))
+        ));
+        // after the last point: the last segment
+        let before = segments_after.last().unwrap().len();
+        let total = total as u32;
+        route(total, total, &[1.0], &[2.0], &[3.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        let last = fx.files[&id].trk.last().unwrap().trkseg.last().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(last.len(), before + 1);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_creates_the_segment_of_a_selection_that_has_none() {
+        let mut fx = Fixture::default();
+        let file = File::default();
+        let id = file.id;
+        fx.files.insert(id, Rc::new(file));
+        fx.order.0.push(id);
+        select_file(&mut fx, id);
+
+        route(0, 0, &[1.0, 2.0], &[1.0, 2.0], &[3.0, 4.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(fx.files[&id].trk.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).len(), 2);
+        // the ends are anchors
+        assert_eq!(segment(&fx, id, 0, 0)[0].anchor, Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(segment(&fx, id, 0, 0)[1].anchor, Some(0));
+
+        // a track with no segments
+        let mut file = (*fx.files[&id]).clone();
+        file.trk[0].trkseg.clear();
+        let trk_id = file.trk[0].id;
+        fx.files.insert(id, Rc::new(file));
+        fx.selection = Selection::Track {
+            file_id: id,
+            trk_ids: HashSet::from([trk_id]),
+        };
+        route(0, 0, &[5.0], &[5.0], &[5.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(fx.files[&id].trk.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).len(), 1);
+
+        // an empty segment is the target as well
+        let mut file = (*fx.files[&id]).clone();
+        file.trk[0].trkseg[0] = TrackSegment::default();
+        let seg_id: TrackSegmentId = file.trk[0].trkseg[0].id;
+        fx.files.insert(id, Rc::new(file));
+        fx.selection = Selection::TrackSegment {
+            file_id: id,
+            trk_id,
+            trkseg_ids: HashSet::from([seg_id]),
+        };
+        route(0, 0, &[6.0], &[6.0], &[6.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(fx.files[&id].trk[0].trkseg.len(), 1);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_anchors() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
+        let len = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).len();
+        assert!(len > 4);
+        let anchors_before: Vec<_> = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).iter().map(|p| p.anchor).collect();
+
+        // 5 new points replacing the 2 in the middle, two of them are anchors
+        let (lng, lat, ele) = ([1.0; 5], [2.0; 5], [3.0; 5]);
+        Route {
+            anchors: &[1, 3],
+            ..route(1, 3, &lng, &lat, &ele)
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        let anchors: Vec<_> = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).iter().map(|p| p.anchor).collect();
+        assert_eq!(anchors.len(), len + 3);
+        assert_eq!(anchors[2], Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(anchors[4], Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(anchors[1], None);
+        assert_eq!(anchors[3], None);
+        assert_eq!(anchors[5], None);
+        // the others stay as they were, the ends are always anchors
+        assert_eq!(anchors[0], Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(anchors[len + 2], Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(anchors[len + 2 - 1], anchors_before[len - 2]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_makes_the_anchors_around_the_range_permanent() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
+        let mut file = (*fx.files[&id]).clone();
+        let len = file.trk[0].trkseg[0].len();
+        assert!(len > 8);
+        // anchors shown from different zoom levels, around and away from the range 4..6
+        for (index, zoom) in [(1, 7), (3, 9), (6, 12), (8, 14)] {
+            file.trk[0].trkseg[0].set_anchor(index, zoom);
+        }
+        fx.files.insert(id, Rc::new(file));
+
+        route(4, 6, &[1.0, 2.0], &[3.0, 4.0], &[5.0, 6.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        let anchors: Vec<_> = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).iter().map(|p| p.anchor).collect();
+        assert_eq!(anchors.len(), len);
+        // right before and after the new points: permanent
+        assert_eq!(anchors[3], Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(anchors[6], Some(0));
+        // the others are as they were
+        assert_eq!(anchors[1], Some(7));
+        assert_eq!(anchors[8], Some(14));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_categories() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
+        let names = ["asphalt".to_string(), "gravel".to_string()];
+        let (lng, lat, ele) = ([1.0; 4], [2.0; 4], [3.0; 4]);
+        // asphalt, asphalt, unknown, gravel
+        Route {
+            surface: RouteCategory {
+                starts: &[0, 2, 3],
+                values: &[1, 0, 2],
+                names: &names,
+            },
+            highway: RouteCategory {
+                starts: &[0],
+                values: &[1],
+                names: &["track".to_string()],
+            },
+            ..route(0, 0, &lng, &lat, &ele)
+        }
+        .apply(&mut fx.state())
+        .unwrap();
+        let file = fx.files[&id].clone();
+        let seg = &file.trk[0].trkseg[0];
+        let asphalt = fx.categories.surface.code("asphalt");
+        let gravel = fx.categories.surface.code("gravel");
+        let surfaces: Vec<_> = (0..4).map(|i| seg[i].surface).collect();
+        assert_eq!(surfaces, [asphalt, asphalt, None, gravel]);
+        let track = fx.categories.highway.code("track");
+        assert!((0..4).all(|i| seg[i].highway == track));
+        assert!((0..4).all(|i| seg[i].sac_scale.is_none() && seg[i].mtb_scale.is_none()));
+
+        // broken intervals or names
+        let broken = [
+            RouteCategory {
+                starts: &[0, 1],
+                values: &[1],
+                names: &names,
+            },
+            RouteCategory {
+                starts: &[5],
+                values: &[1],
+                names: &names,
+            },
+            RouteCategory {
+                starts: &[0],
+                values: &[3],
+                names: &names,
+            },
+        ];
+        for surface in broken {
+            let result = Route {
+                surface,
+                ..route(0, 0, &lng, &lat, &ele)
+            }
+            .apply(&mut fx.state());
+            assert!(matches!(result, Err(CommandError::InvalidData(_))));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// A segment of `data/with_time.gpx`, selected: 80 trackpoints at 20 km/h.
+    fn timed() -> (Fixture, FileId) {
+        let mut fx = Fixture::default();
+        let id = load(&mut fx, "data/with_time.gpx");
+        select_file(&mut fx, id);
+        (fx, id)
+    }
+
+    fn times(seg: &TrackSegment) -> Vec<i64> {
+        seg.iter().map(|p| p.time.unwrap()).collect()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_gives_times_to_the_new_points() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = timed();
+        let seg = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0);
+        let (n, before) = (seg.len(), times(seg));
+        let duration = before[n - 1] - before[0];
+
+        // replace the points 20..40 by the straight line between them, with 5 points
+        let (a, b) = (seg[20].coordinates, seg[39].coordinates);
+        let at = |t: f64| (a.lng + t * (b.lng - a.lng), a.lat + t * (b.lat - a.lat));
+        let positions: Vec<_> = (0..5).map(|i| at(i as f64 / 4.0)).collect();
+        let lng: Vec<_> = positions.iter().map(|p| p.0).collect();
+        let lat: Vec<_> = positions.iter().map(|p| p.1).collect();
+        route(20, 40, &lng, &lat, &[0.0; 5])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let seg = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0);
+        assert_eq!(seg.len(), n - 15);
+        let after = times(seg);
+        assert!(after.windows(2).all(|w| w[0] < w[1]), "{after:?}");
+        // the points before are untouched
+        assert_eq!(after[..20], before[..20]);
+        // the speed of the replaced part is the one of the segment: the duration of the segment
+        // is about the same as on the same distance
+        let stats = Statistics::compute(seg);
+        let speed = stats.global.moving_speed().unwrap();
+        assert!((speed - 20.0).abs() < 1.0, "{speed}");
+        assert!(after[after.len() - 1] - after[0] <= duration);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_between_anchors_that_stay_keeps_them_untouched() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = timed();
+        let seg = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0);
+        let (n, before) = (seg.len(), times(seg));
+        let (a, b) = (seg[20].clone(), seg[39].clone());
+        // 5 points on the line between the anchors 20 and 39, which are not replaced
+        let at = |t: f64| {
+            (
+                a.coordinates.lng + t * (b.coordinates.lng - a.coordinates.lng),
+                a.coordinates.lat + t * (b.coordinates.lat - a.coordinates.lat),
+            )
+        };
+        let positions: Vec<_> = (1..=5).map(|i| at(i as f64 / 6.0)).collect();
+        let lng: Vec<_> = positions.iter().map(|p| p.0).collect();
+        let lat: Vec<_> = positions.iter().map(|p| p.1).collect();
+        route(21, 39, &lng, &lat, &[0.0; 5])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let seg = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0);
+        assert_eq!(seg.len(), n - 18 + 5);
+        let after = times(seg);
+        assert!(after.windows(2).all(|w| w[0] < w[1]), "{after:?}");
+        // the anchors keep their coordinates and times, and what is before them
+        assert_eq!(after[..=20], before[..=20]);
+        assert_eq!(seg[26].coordinates.lng, b.coordinates.lng);
+        assert_eq!(after[26], before[39]);
+        // and what comes after is unchanged as well
+        assert_eq!(after[27..], before[40..]);
+        let speed = Statistics::compute(seg).global.moving_speed().unwrap();
+        assert!((speed - 20.0).abs() < 1.0, "{speed}");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_appending_to_a_segment_with_times() {
+        let (mut fx, id) = timed();
+        let seg = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0);
+        let n = seg.len();
+        let last = seg[n - 1].clone();
+        // replace the last point and go 1 km further east
+        let lng = [last.coordinates.lng, last.coordinates.lng + 0.009];
+        let lat = [last.coordinates.lat; 2];
+        route(n as u32 - 1, n as u32, &lng, &lat, &[0.0; 2])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        let seg = segment(&fx, id, 0, 0);
+        assert_eq!(seg.len(), n + 1);
+        // the replaced point is reached at the speed of the segment: about at its time
+        assert!((seg[n - 1].time.unwrap() - last.time.unwrap()).abs() < 1000);
+        let (a, b) = (seg[n - 1].time.unwrap(), seg[n].time.unwrap());
+        // the new point is reached at about 20 km/h
+        let km = distance(seg[n - 1].coordinates, seg[n].coordinates);
+        let seconds = (b - a) as f64 / 1000.0;
+        let expected = 3600.0 * km / 20.0;
+        assert!(
+            (seconds - expected).abs() < 0.1 * expected,
+            "{seconds} {expected}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_route_does_not_invent_times() {
+        let mut fx = Fixture::default();
+        let id = load(&mut fx, "data/simple.gpx");
+        select_file(&mut fx, id);
+        assert!(segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).iter().all(|p| p.time.is_none()));
+        route(0, 2, &[1.0, 2.0], &[3.0, 4.0], &[5.0, 6.0])
+            .apply(&mut fx.state())
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(segment(&fx, id, 0, 0).iter().all(|p| p.time.is_none()));
+    }
+}

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/command/tools/splice_trackpoints.rs

@@ -1,315 +0,0 @@
-use std::rc::Rc;
-
-use crate::{Apply, CommandError, File, FileId, LngLat, Selection, State, Trackpoint};
-
-/// Replaces the trackpoints `start..end` of the last track segment of the selection by the
-/// given ones (a pure insertion when `start == end`, a pure removal when there are no new
-/// points).
-///
-/// The selection can be made of several files, tracks or track segments: the indices are
-/// meant for its very last segment, in file order, then track order, then segment order.
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct SpliceTrackpoints<'a> {
-    pub start: u32,
-    pub end: u32,
-    pub lng: &'a [f64],
-    pub lat: &'a [f64],
-    pub ele: &'a [f64],
-}
-
-impl Apply for SpliceTrackpoints<'_> {
-    fn apply(self, state: &mut State) -> Result<(), CommandError> {
-        let (start, end) = (self.start as usize, self.end as usize);
-        if start > end || self.lng.len() != self.lat.len() || self.lat.len() != self.ele.len() {
-            return Err(CommandError::InvalidData(
-                "invalid trackpoints range".into(),
-            ));
-        }
-        let (file_id, trk, seg) = last_segment(state).ok_or(CommandError::NothingToDo)?;
-        let mut file = (*state.files[&file_id]).clone();
-        let segment = &mut file.trk[trk].trkseg[seg];
-        if end > segment.len() {
-            return Err(CommandError::InvalidData(
-                "trackpoints range out of bounds".into(),
-            ));
-        }
-        if start == end && self.lng.is_empty() {
-            return Err(CommandError::NothingToDo);
-        }
-        let points = (0..self.lng.len())
-            .map(|i| Trackpoint {
-                coordinates: LngLat {
-                    lng: self.lng[i],
-                    lat: self.lat[i],
-                },
-                ele: self.ele[i],
-                ..Default::default()
-            })
-            .collect();
-        segment.splice(start, end, points);
-        segment.rev_id = Default::default();
-        state.files.insert(file_id, Rc::new(file));
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-/// Position (file, track index, segment index) of the last segment of the selection.
-fn last_segment(state: &State) -> Option<(FileId, usize, usize)> {
-    let last_of_track = |file: &File, trk: usize| file.trk[trk].trkseg.len().checked_sub(1);
-    let last_of_file = |file: &File, filter: &dyn Fn(usize) -> bool| {
-        (0..file.trk.len())
-            .rev()
-            .filter(|&trk| filter(trk))
-            .find_map(|trk| last_of_track(file, trk).map(|seg| (trk, seg)))
-    };
-    match &*state.selection {
-        Selection::File { file_ids } => state
-            .order
-            .0
-            .iter()
-            .rev()
-            .filter(|id| file_ids.contains(id))
-            .find_map(|id| {
-                let (trk, seg) = last_of_file(state.files.get(id)?, &|_| true)?;
-                Some((*id, trk, seg))
-            }),
-        Selection::Track { file_id, trk_ids } => {
-            let file = state.files.get(file_id)?;
-            let (trk, seg) = last_of_file(file, &|trk| trk_ids.contains(&file.trk[trk].id))?;
-            Some((*file_id, trk, seg))
-        }
-        Selection::TrackSegment {
-            file_id,
-            trk_id,
-            trkseg_ids,
-        } => {
-            let file = state.files.get(file_id)?;
-            let trk = file.trk.iter().position(|trk| trk.id == *trk_id)?;
-            let seg = file.trk[trk]
-                .trkseg
-                .iter()
-                .rposition(|seg| trkseg_ids.contains(&seg.id))?;
-            Some((*file_id, trk, seg))
-        }
-        Selection::Empty | Selection::Waypoints { .. } | Selection::Waypoint { .. } => None,
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use std::collections::HashSet;
-
-    use crate::{FileId, Load, engine::command::fixture::Fixture};
-
-    use super::*;
-
-    fn loaded() -> (Fixture, FileId) {
-        let mut fx = Fixture::default();
-        let data = std::fs::read("data/with_tracks_and_segments.gpx").unwrap();
-        Load {
-            data: &data,
-            name: "file",
-        }
-        .apply(&mut fx.state())
-        .unwrap();
-        let id = fx.order.0[0];
-        let trk = &fx.files[&id].trk[0];
-        fx.selection = Selection::TrackSegment {
-            file_id: id,
-            trk_id: trk.id,
-            trkseg_ids: HashSet::from([trk.trkseg[0].id]),
-        };
-        (fx, id)
-    }
-
-    fn splice<'a>(
-        start: u32,
-        end: u32,
-        lng: &'a [f64],
-        lat: &'a [f64],
-        ele: &'a [f64],
-    ) -> SpliceTrackpoints<'a> {
-        SpliceTrackpoints {
-            start,
-            end,
-            lng,
-            lat,
-            ele,
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_splice_replaces_points_of_selected_segment_only() {
-        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
-        let before = fx.files[&id].clone();
-        let len = before.trk[0].trkseg[0].len();
-        assert!(len >= 3);
-
-        splice(1, 3, &[1.0, 2.0, 3.0], &[4.0, 5.0, 6.0], &[7.0, 8.0, 9.0])
-            .apply(&mut fx.state())
-            .unwrap();
-
-        let after = &fx.files[&id];
-        let (old, new) = (&before.trk[0].trkseg[0], &after.trk[0].trkseg[0]);
-        assert_eq!(new.len(), len + 1);
-        assert_eq!(new[0].coordinates.lng, old[0].coordinates.lng);
-        assert_eq!(new[1].coordinates.lng, 1.0);
-        assert_eq!(new[3].coordinates.lat, 6.0);
-        assert_eq!(new[3].ele, 9.0);
-        assert_eq!(new[4].coordinates.lng, old[3].coordinates.lng);
-        assert_ne!(new.rev_id, old.rev_id);
-        assert_eq!(new.id, old.id);
-        // other segments and tracks keep their revision
-        for (b, a) in before.trk.iter().zip(&after.trk) {
-            for (b, a) in b.trkseg.iter().zip(&a.trkseg) {
-                if a.id != new.id {
-                    assert_eq!(a.rev_id, b.rev_id);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_splice_append_and_remove() {
-        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
-        let len = fx.files[&id].trk[0].trkseg[0].len() as u32;
-        splice(len, len, &[1.0], &[2.0], &[3.0])
-            .apply(&mut fx.state())
-            .unwrap();
-        let seg = &fx.files[&id].trk[0].trkseg[0];
-        assert_eq!(seg.len(), len as usize + 1);
-        assert_eq!(seg[len as usize].ele, 3.0);
-
-        splice(0, len + 1, &[], &[], &[])
-            .apply(&mut fx.state())
-            .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(fx.files[&id].trk[0].trkseg[0].len(), 0);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_splice_invalid_arguments_change_nothing() {
-        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
-        let before = fx.files[&id].clone();
-        let len = before.trk[0].trkseg[0].len() as u32;
-        let results = [
-            splice(2, 1, &[], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
-            splice(0, 0, &[1.0], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
-            splice(0, len + 1, &[], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
-        ];
-        assert!(
-            results
-                .iter()
-                .all(|r| matches!(r, Err(CommandError::InvalidData(_))))
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            splice(0, 0, &[], &[], &[]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
-            Err(CommandError::NothingToDo)
-        );
-        assert!(std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&fx.files[&id], &before));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_splice_needs_a_segment_selection() {
-        let (mut fx, _) = loaded();
-        fx.selection = Selection::Empty;
-        assert_eq!(
-            splice(0, 0, &[1.0], &[1.0], &[1.0]).apply(&mut fx.state()),
-            Err(CommandError::NothingToDo)
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_splice_targets_last_segment_of_the_selection() {
-        let (mut fx, id) = loaded();
-        let file = fx.files[&id].clone();
-        assert!(file.trk.len() >= 2);
-        let last_trk = file.trk.len() - 1;
-        let last_seg = file.trk[last_trk].trkseg.len() - 1;
-
-        // whole file selected: last segment of its last track
-        fx.selection = Selection::File {
-            file_ids: HashSet::from([id]),
-        };
-        splice(0, 0, &[1.0], &[2.0], &[3.0])
-            .apply(&mut fx.state())
-            .unwrap();
-        let after = &fx.files[&id];
-        for (t, (b, a)) in file.trk.iter().zip(&after.trk).enumerate() {
-            for (s, (b, a)) in b.trkseg.iter().zip(&a.trkseg).enumerate() {
-                let target = (t, s) == (last_trk, last_seg);
-                assert_eq!(a.len(), b.len() + usize::from(target));
-                assert_eq!(a.rev_id != b.rev_id, target);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // several tracks selected: last selected one (in file order, whatever the set order)
-        let ids: Vec<_> = file.trk.iter().map(|t| t.id).collect();
-        fx.selection = Selection::Track {
-            file_id: id,
-            trk_ids: HashSet::from([ids[1], ids[0]]),
-        };
-        let len = |fx: &Fixture, t: usize| {
-            let trk = &fx.files[&id].trk[t];
-            trk.trkseg.last().unwrap().len()
-        };
-        let (l0, l1) = (len(&fx, 0), len(&fx, 1));
-        splice(0, 0, &[1.0], &[2.0], &[3.0])
-            .apply(&mut fx.state())
-            .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(len(&fx, 0), l0);
-        assert_eq!(len(&fx, 1), l1 + 1);
-
-        // several segments selected
-        let trk = &fx.files[&id].trk[0];
-        let seg_ids: Vec<_> = trk.trkseg.iter().map(|s| s.id).collect();
-        if seg_ids.len() >= 2 {
-            fx.selection = Selection::TrackSegment {
-                file_id: id,
-                trk_id: trk.id,
-                trkseg_ids: seg_ids.iter().copied().collect(),
-            };
-            let lens: Vec<_> = trk.trkseg.iter().map(|s| s.len()).collect();
-            splice(0, 0, &[1.0], &[2.0], &[3.0])
-                .apply(&mut fx.state())
-                .unwrap();
-            let after: Vec<_> = fx.files[&id].trk[0]
-                .trkseg
-                .iter()
-                .map(|s| s.len())
-                .collect();
-            let n = lens.len();
-            assert_eq!(after[..n - 1], lens[..n - 1]);
-            assert_eq!(after[n - 1], lens[n - 1] + 1);
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_splice_on_multiple_files_uses_last_in_file_order() {
-        let (mut fx, first) = loaded();
-        let data = std::fs::read("data/with_tracks_and_segments.gpx").unwrap();
-        Load {
-            data: &data,
-            name: "file",
-        }
-        .apply(&mut fx.state())
-        .unwrap();
-        let second = fx.order.0[1];
-        fx.selection = Selection::File {
-            file_ids: HashSet::from([second, first]),
-        };
-        let total = |fx: &Fixture, id: FileId| -> usize {
-            fx.files[&id]
-                .trk
-                .iter()
-                .flat_map(|t| &t.trkseg)
-                .map(|s| s.len())
-                .sum()
-        };
-        let (a, b) = (total(&fx, first), total(&fx, second));
-        splice(0, 0, &[1.0], &[2.0], &[3.0])
-            .apply(&mut fx.state())
-            .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(total(&fx, first), a);
-        assert_eq!(total(&fx, second), b + 1);
-    }
-}

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/derived/mod.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 mod coordinates_cache;
 mod file_structure;
 mod file_structure_cache;
+mod routing_buffer;
 mod statistics_buffer;
 mod statistics_cache;
 
 pub use coordinates_cache::*;
 pub use file_structure::*;
 pub use file_structure_cache::*;
+pub use routing_buffer::*;
 pub use statistics_buffer::*;
 pub use statistics_cache::*;

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/derived/routing_buffer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+use crate::{FileId, Selection, StackEntry, TrackSegmentId, TrackSegmentRevisionId};
+
+/// What the routing tool needs about the selected segments (see
+/// [`Selection::segment_locations`]): where their anchors are among their trackpoints.
+///
+/// Trackpoints are numbered like in the [`crate::StatisticsBuffer`], over all the selected
+/// segments one after the other, except that the segments that are not covered by the routing
+/// tool (waypoints) are left out.
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct RoutingBuffer {
+    /// The index of each anchor in the selection, in order. The first and last trackpoints of a
+    /// segment always are anchors.
+    pub anchor_indices: Vec<u32>,
+    /// The lowest map zoom level at which each anchor is shown.
+    pub anchor_zooms: Vec<u8>,
+    /// Index in the selection of the first trackpoint of each selected segment that has some,
+    /// which tells which segment an anchor or a trackpoint belongs to.
+    pub segment_starts: Vec<u32>,
+    /// Id of each selected segment that has trackpoints, as `segment_starts`.
+    pub segment_ids: Vec<TrackSegmentId>,
+    /// Changes when the selected segments, or their trackpoints, change. Commands that refer to
+    /// trackpoints by their index in the selection carry it, to be refused if the selection is
+    /// not the one the indices were taken from anymore.
+    pub revision: u32,
+    /// What the revision stands for.
+    signature: Vec<(TrackSegmentId, TrackSegmentRevisionId)>,
+}
+
+impl RoutingBuffer {
+    pub fn update(&mut self, files: Option<&StackEntry>, selection: &Selection, order: &[FileId]) {
+        self.anchor_indices.clear();
+        self.anchor_zooms.clear();
+        self.segment_starts.clear();
+        self.segment_ids.clear();
+
+        let mut signature = vec![];
+        let mut index = 0;
+        for location in files
+            .map(|files| selection.segment_locations(files, order))
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+        {
+            let segment = &files.unwrap()[&location.file_id].trk[location.trk].trkseg[location.seg];
+            signature.push((segment.id, segment.rev_id));
+            if segment.is_empty() {
+                continue;
+            }
+            self.segment_starts.push(index as u32);
+            self.segment_ids.push(segment.id);
+            for trkpt in segment.iter() {
+                if let Some(zoom) = trkpt.anchor {
+                    self.anchor_indices.push(index as u32);
+                    self.anchor_zooms.push(zoom);
+                }
+                index += 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if signature != self.signature {
+            self.revision = self.revision.wrapping_add(1);
+            self.signature = signature;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use std::{collections::HashSet, rc::Rc};
+
+    use crate::{TrackSegment, parse};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn loaded() -> (StackEntry, FileId) {
+        let data = std::fs::read("data/with_tracks_and_segments.gpx").unwrap();
+        let file = parse(&data, &mut Default::default()).unwrap();
+        let id = file.id;
+        let mut files = StackEntry::default();
+        files.insert(id, Rc::new(file));
+        (files, id)
+    }
+
+    fn file_selection(id: FileId) -> Selection {
+        Selection::File {
+            file_ids: HashSet::from([id]),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_anchors_and_starts_follow_the_selected_segments() {
+        let (files, id) = loaded();
+        let lengths: Vec<usize> = files[&id]
+            .trk
+            .iter()
+            .flat_map(|trk| trk.trkseg.iter().map(TrackSegment::len))
+            .collect();
+        let mut buffer = RoutingBuffer::default();
+        buffer.update(Some(&files), &file_selection(id), &[id]);
+
+        // an empty segment has no start
+        assert_eq!(buffer.segment_ids.len(), buffer.segment_starts.len());
+        let mut start = 0;
+        let expected: Vec<u32> = lengths
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|len| **len > 0)
+            .map(|len| {
+                start += len;
+                (start - len) as u32
+            })
+            .collect();
+        assert_eq!(buffer.segment_starts, expected);
+        // the ends of the segments are always anchors, shown at every zoom level
+        assert_eq!(buffer.anchor_indices.len(), buffer.anchor_zooms.len());
+        assert!(buffer.anchor_indices.windows(2).all(|w| w[0] < w[1]));
+        let total: usize = lengths.iter().sum();
+        let ends = expected
+            .iter()
+            .copied()
+            .chain(expected.iter().skip(1).map(|start| start - 1))
+            .chain([total as u32 - 1]);
+        for end in ends {
+            let position = buffer.anchor_indices.iter().position(|i| *i == end);
+            assert_eq!(position.map(|p| buffer.anchor_zooms[p]), Some(0), "{end}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_nothing_without_segments() {
+        let (files, id) = loaded();
+        let mut buffer = RoutingBuffer::default();
+        buffer.update(Some(&files), &Selection::Empty, &[id]);
+        assert!(buffer.anchor_indices.is_empty() && buffer.segment_starts.is_empty());
+        // waypoints are not covered by the routing tool
+        buffer.update(Some(&files), &Selection::Waypoints { file_id: id }, &[id]);
+        assert!(buffer.anchor_indices.is_empty() && buffer.segment_starts.is_empty());
+        buffer.update(None, &file_selection(id), &[id]);
+        assert!(buffer.anchor_indices.is_empty() && buffer.segment_starts.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_revision_changes_with_the_selected_segments() {
+        let (mut files, id) = loaded();
+        let mut buffer = RoutingBuffer::default();
+        buffer.update(Some(&files), &file_selection(id), &[id]);
+        let first = buffer.revision;
+
+        // the same segments: the indices still mean the same trackpoints
+        buffer.update(Some(&files), &file_selection(id), &[id]);
+        assert_eq!(buffer.revision, first);
+
+        // other trackpoints in the same segment
+        let mut file = (*files[&id]).clone();
+        file.trk[0].trkseg[0].rev_id = Default::default();
+        files.insert(id, Rc::new(file));
+        buffer.update(Some(&files), &file_selection(id), &[id]);
+        assert_ne!(buffer.revision, first);
+        let second = buffer.revision;
+
+        // another selection
+        buffer.update(Some(&files), &Selection::Empty, &[id]);
+        assert_ne!(buffer.revision, second);
+    }
+}

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/engine.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 
 use crate::{
     Action, Apply, Clipboard, Command, CoordinatesCache, Diff, FileId, FileOrder, FileStructure,
-    FileStructureCache, GlobalStatistics, SelectMode, Selection, Stack, State, StatisticsBuffer,
-    StatisticsCache, TrackSegmentId, Trackpoint, TrackpointCategories, Waypoint, WaypointId,
+    FileStructureCache, GlobalStatistics, RoutingBuffer, SelectMode, Selection, Stack, State,
+    StatisticsBuffer, StatisticsCache, TrackSegmentId, Trackpoint, TrackpointCategories, Waypoint,
+    WaypointId,
 };
 
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ pub struct Engine {
     order_changed: bool,
     selection_changed: bool,
     statistics_buffer: StatisticsBuffer,
+    routing_buffer: RoutingBuffer,
     categories: TrackpointCategories,
     clipboard: Option<Clipboard>,
     clipboard_changed: bool,
@@ -28,6 +30,11 @@ impl Engine {
         &self.statistics_buffer
     }
 
+    /// The anchors of the routing tool among the trackpoints of the selection.
+    pub fn routing(&self) -> &RoutingBuffer {
+        &self.routing_buffer
+    }
+
     /// The names of the surfaces and highways that the trackpoints refer to by code.
     pub fn categories(&self) -> &TrackpointCategories {
         &self.categories
@@ -249,6 +256,8 @@ impl Engine {
         self.statistics_cache.update(current);
         self.coordinates_cache.update(current);
         self.structure_cache.update(current, self.diff.as_ref());
+        self.routing_buffer
+            .update(current, &self.selection, &self.order.0);
         self.statistics_buffer
             .update(
                 &self
@@ -283,7 +292,13 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     fn new(engine: &mut Engine, name: &str) -> bool {
-        edit(engine, Command::New(New { name }))
+        edit(
+            engine,
+            Command::New(New {
+                name,
+                trackpoint: None,
+            }),
+        )
     }
 
     fn load(engine: &mut Engine, path: &str) -> bool {

gpx-rs/engine/src/engine/state/selection.rs

@@ -40,7 +40,59 @@ pub enum Selection {
     },
 }
 
+/// Where a track segment is: its file, then its track and its own position in it.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct SegmentLocation {
+    pub file_id: FileId,
+    pub trk: usize,
+    pub seg: usize,
+}
+
 impl Selection {
+    /// The track segments covered by the selection, in order: the segments of several selected
+    /// files follow `order` (the files missing from it come last), then the tracks and segments
+    /// follow the file. Waypoints are not segments: selecting only waypoints covers none.
+    pub fn segment_locations(&self, files: &StackEntry, order: &[FileId]) -> Vec<SegmentLocation> {
+        let mut locations = vec![];
+        let mut add = |file_id: FileId,
+                       trk_filter: &dyn Fn(&crate::Track) -> bool,
+                       seg_filter: &dyn Fn(&crate::TrackSegment) -> bool| {
+            let Some(file) = files.get(&file_id) else {
+                return;
+            };
+            for (trk, track) in file.trk.iter().enumerate().filter(|(_, t)| trk_filter(t)) {
+                for (seg, segment) in track.trkseg.iter().enumerate() {
+                    if seg_filter(segment) {
+                        locations.push(SegmentLocation { file_id, trk, seg });
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        match self {
+            Selection::Empty | Selection::Waypoints { .. } | Selection::Waypoint { .. } => (),
+            Selection::File { file_ids } => {
+                let ordered = order
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|id| file_ids.contains(id))
+                    .chain(file_ids.iter().filter(|id| !order.contains(id)));
+                for id in ordered {
+                    add(*id, &|_| true, &|_| true);
+                }
+            }
+            Selection::Track { file_id, trk_ids } => {
+                add(*file_id, &|trk| trk_ids.contains(&trk.id), &|_| true)
+            }
+            Selection::TrackSegment {
+                file_id,
+                trk_id,
+                trkseg_ids,
+            } => add(*file_id, &|trk| trk.id == *trk_id, &|seg| {
+                trkseg_ids.contains(&seg.id)
+            }),
+        }
+        locations
+    }
+
     /// Drops what does not exist anymore (e.g. after an undo): files, and the tracks, segments
     /// and waypoints of the files that remain. A selection left with nothing becomes empty.
     pub fn retain_existing(&mut self, files: &StackEntry) {